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CREATE TABLE geo (
id int not null primary key,
parent_id int references geo(id),
name varchar(1000)
);
INSERT INTO geo
(id, parent_id, name)
VALUES
(1, null, 'Планета Земля'),
(2, 1, 'Континент Евразия'),
(3, 1, 'Континент Северная Америка'),
(4, 2, 'Европа'),
(5, 4, 'Россия'),
(6, 4, 'Германия'),
(7, 5, 'Москва'),
(8, 5, 'Санкт-Петербург'),
(9, 6, 'Берлин'),
(10, 9, 'Район Берлина');
WITH RECURSIVE r AS (
SELECT id, parent_id, name, 1 as level, parent_id as first_level
FROM geo
WHERE parent_id = 4
UNION
SELECT geo.id, geo.parent_id, geo.name, (r.level+1), r.first_level
FROM geo
JOIN r
ON geo.parent_id = r.id
)
SELECT * FROM r;
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