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CREATE TABLE departments ( dept_id int PRIMARY KEY, dept_name VARCHAR(20) ); CREATE TABLE employees( emp_id int PRIMARY KEY, name varchar(20), dept_id INT, FOREIGN KEY (dept_id) REFERENCES departments(dept_id) ); insert into departments values(10,'HR'),(20,'Eng'),(30,'Marketing'),(40,'Sales'); insert into employees values(1,'Alice',10),(2,'Bob',20),(3,'Charlie',null),(4,'David',30); select * from employees; select * from departments; select e.name,d.dept_name from employees e INNER JOIN departments d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id; select e.name,d.dept_name from employees e LEFT JOIN departments d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id UNION select e.name,d.dept_name from employees e RIGHT JOIN departments d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id select e.name,d.dept_name from employees e CROSS JOIN departments d;